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  • Technobell Plasticizers

CHEMICAL PROCESS TECHNOLOGIES

PLASTICIZERS

Technobell offers plants designed to produce different plasticizers: phthalates, maleates, sebacates, trimelitates and others.

Plasticizers molecule

Plasticizers are additives that increase the plasticity or fluidity of the material to which they are added, including plastics, cement, concrete, wallboard and clay bodies. Although the same compounds are often used for both plastics and concretes, the desired effect is slightly different. Plasticizers for plastics are additives, most commonly phthalates, that give hard plastics the desired flexibility and durability.

Plasticizers main advantages

MAIN ADVANTAGES OF TECHNOBELL’S PLASTICIZERS PRODUCTION PROCESS

  • STABILE QUALITY
    Highly accurate control both of the time/temperature diagram of the reactor obtains the best possible results and avoids the formation of by-products. The supplied laboratory equipment allows performing input (raw material), inter-phasing (production) and outputting (product) control.
  • IMPROVED PLASTICIZERS QUALITY
    There are less possible side reactions that produce volatile and colored by products. The plasticizers color is less dependent on phthalic anhydride quality.
  • IMPROVED ECOLOGY
    The titanate estrefication process requires up to 90% less water in crude plasticizers “washing” step, so that the waste water which contaminate the environment.
  • HIGHER YIELDS
    The conversion to plasticizers is very high, over 99% and also the losses in the purification step are significantly reduced, because of the reduction of “washing” water.
  • LOW ALCOHOLS EXCESS 
    Emission’s in line with EU regulative.
  • LONG TERM EXPERIENCE
    Long term experience in plasticizers production and flexibility of our organization which enables us to solve you all problems connected with plasticizers production.
Technobell Plasticizers technology Plasticizers - Separator vessel Technobell Plasticizers Technology

Plasticizers production process

Technobell can offer to the clients plants designed to produce different plasticizers: phthalates, maleates, sebacates, trimelitates and others. Once defined the production range of plasticizers during contracting the plant is specifically designed to allow easy interchangeability between production range. Also based on the required production capacity of each plasticizer different reactor and so production line sizes can be used.

PROCESS DIAGRAM FOR HEAVY PLASTICIZERS (LIKE DOP, DINP, DIDP) PRODUCTION

Plasticizers process scheme

PLASTICIZERS PRODUCTION PROCESS DESCRIPTION

Introduction

Phthalic anhydride (PA) and alcohol are reacted at about 230 °C in the presence of a catalyst. The reaction is exothermic and can be divided in two steps.

Esterefication

Esterefication

Esterification is an equilibrium chemical reaction which is carried out as a batch process in the reactor containing an agitator and other equipment – particularly for water separation and removal which is formed during chemical reaction.

First Phthalic Anhydride and alcohol are mixed in the reactor in order to form the monoester. The reaction is rapid with essentially complete conversion to monoester.

The second reaction is much slower and needs several hours at the presence of the catalyst. This reaction is reversible. Therefore it is necessary to reach a good conversion to remove the water formed during the reaction thereby shifting the equilibrium in the direction of 100% conversion. For the same reason the reaction is performed with excess of alcohol.

The alcohol/water vapour which leaves the reactor is condensed and both phases are separated. The alcohol phase returns to the reactor and the water phase is collected for elimination. The process is executed at atmospheric pressure except in case of DBP (Di-Butyl-Phthalate) production due to higher vapour pressure of butanol.

Chemical reaction in case of DOP (Di-Octyl-Phtalate) production:

Distillation & neutralization

Distillation & neutralization

Raw plasticizers are transferred to the distillation section which consists of a reactor equipped with the stirrer, vapours condenser, cooler and alcohol water separator.

The alcohol is distilled first under mild vacuum distillation and at the end with vacuum distillation and steam stripping. Then sodium carbonate is introduced to neutralize the traces of the monoester. The hydrolysis of the catalyst is performed in next step by adding small amounts of water. After the hydrolysis filter aid (diatomite earth) is added and plasticizer is dried under vacuum and a light flow of nitrogen.

Filtration

Filtration

In this phase, solids formed or added (diatomite earth) during neutralization and hydrolysis of the catalyst are removed by filtration. Other types of plasticizers are produced on the same equipment using different raw materials.

Work-up of contaminated products

Work-up of contaminated products

In case of light plasticizer, like DBP (Di-Butyl-Phthalate) or DEP (Di-Ethyl-Phthalate), production the stripped alcohol contains water due to solubility of water in the alcohol, so alcohol and water cannot be separated without using an additional distillation system operated semi-continuously.

PROCESS VALUES

Process values

PROPERTIES:GuaranteedExpected
Yield (wt%):*min 99,5 %99,6 – 99,8 %

*Yield → produced plasticizer in tons / Sum of raw materials (excluding reaction water).

RAW MATERIAL AND CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION

Raw material and chemicals consumption (in kg/ton of product)

DBPDOPDINPDPHPDIDP
PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE542383365345350
N-BUTANOL560––––
2-ETHYL-HEXANOL–680–––
ISO-NONYL-ALCOHOL––710––
ISO-DECYL-ALCOHOL–––730–
2-PRPYL-HEPTANOL––––725
CATALYST11111
SODIUM CARBONATE42444
FILTER AID44444

Plasticizers product characteristics

Di-Octyl-Phtalate (DOP)

  • Purity (wt%) : min. 99,0
  • Colour (Apha): max. 20
  • Acid Number (mg KOH/g): max. 0,03
  • Index of Refraction (20 DC): 1,487-1,485
  • Density (kg/dm3) at 20 DC: 0,983-0,987
  • Viscosity (mPas) at 20 DC: 77-83
  • Distillation Range (DC, 1-95%): 230-233
  • Moisture (wt%): max. 0,05
  • Resistivity of Liquid (Ohm x cm): 2 x 10 e11
  • Hydroxyl Number: max. 0,6
  • Saponification Number: 285-290
  • Flash Point (DC): 190-200

Di-2-Propyl-Heptyl-Phtalate (DPHP)

  • Purity (wt%) : min. 99,0
  • Colour (Apha): max. 25
  • Acid Number (mg KOH/g): max. 0,07
  • Density (kg/dm3) at 20 DC: 0,965-0,966
  • Viscosity (cps) at 20 DC: 122
  • Distillation Range (DC, 1-95%): 251-254
  • Moisture (wt%): max. 0,10
  • Flash Point (DC): 232

Di-Iso-Nonyl-Phtalate (DINP)

  • Purity (wt%) : min. 99,0
  • Colour (Apha): max. 75
  • Acid Number (mg KOH/g): max. 0,06
  • Index of Refraction (20 DC): 1,483-1,485
  • Density (kg/dm3) at 20 DC: 0,968-0,974
  • Viscosity (mPas) at 20 DC: 109-120
  • Distillation Range (DC, 1-95%): 270-280
  • Moisture (wt%): max. 0,08
  • Resistivity of Liquid (Ohm x cm): 10 mio
  • Hydroxyl Number: max. 0,8
  • Saponification Number: 267-271
  • Flash Point (DC): 220

Di-Iso-Decyl-Phtalate (DIDP)

  • Purity (wt%) : min. 99,0
  • Colour (Apha): max. 65
  • Acid Number (mg KOH/g): max. 0,05
  • Index of Refraction (20 DC): 1,484-1,486
  • Density (kg/dm3) at 20 DC: 0,966-0,972
  • Viscosity (mPas) at 20 DC: 110-130
  • Distillation Range (DC, 1-95%): 280-298
  • Moisture (wt%): max. 0,08
  • Resistivity of Liquid (Ohm x cm): 1,6mio
  • Hydroxyl Number: max. 0,8
  • Saponification Number: 250-254
  • Flash Point (DC): 230

Di-Butyl-Phthalate (DBP)

  • Purity (wt%) : min. 99,0
  • Colour (Apha): max. 30
  • Acid Number (mg KOH/g): max. 0,05
  • Index of Refraction (20 DC): 1,490-1,494
  • Density (kg/dm3) at 20 DC: 1,040-1,048
  • Viscosity (mPas) at 20 DC: 20-21
  • Distillation Range (DC, 1-95%): 205-210
  • Moisture (wt%): max. 0,10
  • Resistivity of Liquid (Ohm x cm): 2 x 10 e11
  • Hydroxyl Number: max. 0,8
  • Saponification Number: 398-404
  • Flash Point (DC): 175

Plasticizers plant layout

Plasticizers plant layout

Contact our Chemical Process Technologies Team for more information

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Harrow HA1 1PD
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